Tuesday, November 29, 2011

Save Money - Buy College Textbooks Online, Literally

Save Money - Buy College Textbooks Online, Literally

Here's a tip for the broke college kid:  buy your textbooks online.  I'm not talking about the regular old way; I'm talking one chapter at a time delivered in .pdf format.

Textbooks

Why would you want a chapter at a time?  You get your syllabus at the beginning of the semester, which tells you the required chapters for the semester.  Just think about it -  how often do you actually go through an entire textbook?

Textbooks

I thought about buying the books, scanning the chapters I needed, then returning the books, but there's no way I would have manually scanned hundreds of pages.  Ebooks also came to mind, as they should be cheaper than a hard copy, so I went to looking.

Eventually I came across iChapters.com.  The thing I liked best is that they offer lots of books and you can purchase individual chapters!  My Math 190 textbook ran me 0 used at my local bookstore, and we were only using 8 chapters.  I looked on iChapters and compared the price of the individual chapters at .99 each-  a total of .92 for the 8 chapters I needed.  Purchasing only the chapters I needed saved me about 41% off the price of a used book at the local bookstore.

The chapters aren't some washed out, scanned POS .pdf's, they are actually high quality OCR scans, which means you can Ctrl+F and search the documents.  That's a godsend during homework and studying, much better than flipping aimlessly through pages.  iChapters also offer a free download of the first chapter of a book as  a preview.

However, there's one thing that I hate - the security of the .pdf.  If you want to access your material, you must login through the website and install (or authenticate through) their anti-piracy software.  You cannot open the .pdf's unless you have an internet connection, nor can you view the chapters and print them to a .pdf or .ps file.  I wish I could view the .pdf's offline without having to install any software, but that's just what they have to do to protect their content.

If you want to save LOTS of money, then buying only the chapters you need will definitely do so.  You might not find all your books on iChapters, but it's definitely worth it even if you can find just one.  The more money for pizza and beer, the better :)

Save Money - Buy College Textbooks Online, Literally

Visit : Totally Textbooks

Sunday, November 27, 2011

Tips For Buying College Accounting Books

Tips For Buying College Accounting Books

Before entering university, you will have to choose one specific major that has bright career prospects. Choosing a specific major also means that you have to pick the one that suits your interest and talent. If you are good at managing accounts, or if you always got picked as the class treasurer in high school, then you might want to be an accounting major. Accounting is a good career choice as the need for accountants is quite large. Thus, if you select this major, you will likely be successful in the future.

Textbooks

As we all know, going to college means that you need to have some textbooks for your reference and to guide you gain a better understanding of the lessons given in your classes. It is also the same with accounting. You will need some college accounting books that will help you master the trade. Certainly, your professors are going to recommend you to find several textbooks that will be used in their classes. Therefore, you better get prepared or else you will be left behind by your college mates.

Textbooks

There are several titles that you should probably have in order to master accounting. Some of the compulsory titles include College Accounting 1-12, Advanced Accounting, Financial Statement Analysis, Accounting Information System, and Management Accounting. However, when you are going to buy a textbook, you will need to make sure that you choose the right book. Check the name of the writer and the publisher of the book, because sometimes you will find two or more different books with the same title. Make sure the book is exactly what your professor has recommended.

Besides buying compulsory books, you might want to buy some complementary textbooks as well. Those books will be very helpful to expand your knowledge in accounting as it is a very vast field. You can go online and try to look for some important titles which are not suggested by your professors. There are many websites that provide book reviews which you would find very helpful. And the good thing about the reviews is that most of them mention the price of the book so that you can prepare your budget beforehand.

It is somehow a common knowledge that college textbooks can be very expensive. Most accounting books are indeed very pricey and if you don't choose them wisely, you might end up being broke. Therefore, you will need a strategy to get the books you want when you are on a limited budget. Online vendors usually offer many interesting offers or discounts for college textbooks. And the cool thing about buying from an online vendor is that the books will be delivered to your door immediately after purchase. Besides buying books online, you can also go to the local second hand bookstores. Used books are normally cheaper than the new ones, but you should know that most of them won't be in mint condition. As long as the book looks decent and the price is cheap enough, it is worth buying. After all, you need the knowledge and not the look.

Tips For Buying College Accounting Books

Thanks To : Totally Textbooks

Friday, November 25, 2011

Shelly Cashman Office 2007 Introductory Concepts and Techniques

Shelly Cashman Office 2007 Introductory Concepts and Techniques

The purpose of this article is to explain to college students why their computer science/information systems professor picked a Shelly Cashman textbook.  I have been using Shelly Cashman textbooks since 1994 when I first began teaching at the college level and have never really considered changing textbooks.  If I am tasked to prepare for a new course I look to see if Shelly Cashman has a text for the course.  These two successful authors have produced a wide range of textbooks.

Textbooks

The Office 2007 textbook offers a plan ahead section that encourages students to think about what they are trying to accomplish before they begin.  The idea behind this is to get students to see what they are trying to accomplish by doing the projects.  The text offers step by step instructions on how to complete the main project in each chapter.  The Shelly Cashman texts are always rich in screen shots making it possible for a student to do a great deal of learning without the benefit of a personal computer.  The authors also offer experimental steps a student can try.  This adds value to the Office 2007 learning experience.  Course Technology, the publisher of the outstanding Shelly Cashman texts also offers an outstanding website for students.  Your college instructor has made a wise decision in choosing the Shelly Cashman Office 2007 textbook.

Textbooks

In 1994 the Shelly Cashman Microsoft Office textbook costs less than .00.  Today the price of their text has gone up along with all other college textbooks.  The book will cost you more than 0.00 at your campus bookstore or you can look for a used copy at websites such as www.lessfortexts.com.  Regardless of where you buy your book just apply yourself and you can gain proficiency with the Microsoft Office 2007 product.

Shelly Cashman Office 2007 Introductory Concepts and Techniques

Related : Totally Textbooks

Wednesday, November 23, 2011

Textbook Prices - One Nasty Reason They Are So High

Textbook Prices - One Nasty Reason They Are So High

College students are not generally associated with great wealth. Most are just getting by and eating a lot of Mac and cheese while they undertake their higher education. It is then very odd that the cost of textbooks for college are so expensive. The reason is why? The answers are many, but there is one nasty little reason that really drives the price high.

Textbooks

Let's say that you want to find a book to read for the pure joy of it, i.e. not a textbook! You might pop onto Amazon or go strolling through a local brick and mortar bookstore. As you browsed, you would have the ability to choose among the different authors, titles and subjects. Price is rarely a major issue because all the books are within a certain range of each other. If you found one that was priced at 0, you would not buy it. In fact, you would probably show it to other people in the store in amazement.

Textbooks

As every college student knows, textbooks can be in the hundreds of dollars. What is the big difference? Well, it is a very simple capitalism issue - choice. In our previous example, you could just choose whatever book you liked. If the price was to high, you simply could go with a different title that was reasonably priced. This is not the case with textbooks. If you want to take the course or are required to, you must buy the textbook in question. Given this, prices can be arbitrarily set.

Ah, but there is a variation of this theme that can make the problem doubly so. By their nature, professors publish papers as part of the tenure process. Many will actually provide works for part or all of textbooks since they tend to be recognized experts in the field. You can probably see where this is headed. More than a few professors will actually assign textbooks they either wrote or contributed to as the authority for the class in question. While the professor is not part of the publishing and pricing process, there is little doubt that he or she is getting royalties off the sale and the publishing company knows full well if the book is being assigned as part of a class requirement.

Textbook prices are unjustifiably high. Next semester, consider going with an alternative such as renting, buying used or using a digital textbook. You'll save a lot of money and aggravation.

Textbook Prices - One Nasty Reason They Are So High

Recommend : Totally Textbooks

Monday, November 21, 2011

Alternatives To Buying Textbooks - Don't Buy It!

Alternatives To Buying Textbooks - Don't Buy It!

Before you throw your cash on the counter and buy your next huge and costly core textbook, ask yourself whether you have considered the alternatives to buying these tomes outright. These days there are a plethora of options open to the eagle eyed college student looking to save on expensive, and often mandatory, textbooks that they will ultimately only use for an intense exam period lasting a few weeks. Fortunately things really are changing in terms of avoiding the classic 'textbook' binge, and I don't just mean that library services have improved in the past few years.

Textbooks

Alternative 1. Library rental is certainly an option, but most of us will miss out on the good books because the early birds will have rented the books before us. You have to be up insanely early to get a hold of the textbooks that count, but if you feel you can manage this it's certainly an option. That being said, the library will always remain a core place to get your textbooks, but you just have to be smart about working the system to make sure you, rather than someone else, picks them up.

Textbooks

Alternative 2. Borrowing is another option, but this depends heavily on whether you can find someone who already has the books you need. This is generally contingent on them owning the same edition that you need for your course. You may find yourself in the awkward position of using a textbook that is outdated by a number of years- even if the changes are only minimal on the surface. Most of the time these new editions involve nothing more than cosmetic changes, but try arguing that with your Professor! As an alternative to buying textbooks it is all the same worth considering and you can add sharing to the mix here.

Alternative 3. Renting online - This is the latest and arguably the best option to emerge in recent years. Sites such as Chegg offer the chance to rent books and extend that rental for as long as you need the book. There are small things to keep in mind here, but in general the prices on offer from rental prices are clearly much cheaper than those on offer from physical campus book stores. You also have the benefit of knowing that the book will arrive when they promise, rather than being at the mercy of the library system, where a whole bunch of people will be chasing after you in order to get the book sent back. This is certainly something to consider seriously.

All in all we live at a time when the average college student is no longer at the complete and utter mercy of the bookstore owner, and there are definite options available to them. Principle among these are the good old fashioned library service from the University (or elsewhere if you are lucky), borrowing books from friends, family, or colleagues, and what I see as the best alternative to buying textbooks to be found today- renting the books online.

Alternatives To Buying Textbooks - Don't Buy It!

Related : Totally Textbooks

Friday, November 18, 2011

PhD in Workforce Development Education

PhD in Workforce Development Education

There's an increase demand for individuals with a PhD in Workforce Development Education. These individuals help management to provide training programs that maximizing the organization's productivity. A person with this training is an important component of any workplace.

Textbooks

This is one reason why a PhD in Workforce Development Education can jumpstart your career. You become an important person that helps the management team to make the workplace more productive.

Textbooks

Even if you're currently employed, you can attend night classes or opt for an online doctorate program. The latter is the preferred way to earn a doctorate degree these days because you can do so at the comforts of your own home. No need to go out of your home to attend lectures, pass your requirements or take exams.

When completing an online PhD program in Workforce Development Education, you are not pressured by time constraints. You can study at your own pace at home. There are no deadlines to beat. You can submit written requirements according to your schedule. Plus you can spend more quality time with your family even during the duration of the program.

Some online PhD programs in this field are cheaper than in regular universities or colleges. There are companies that reimburse their employers' tuition for PhD in Workforce Development Education. This makes it a viable way to boost your career.

Course work for PhD includes research methods and advanced quantitative statistics. It covers various fields such as adult literacy, adult education theory, vocational program development, and human resources development.

In a university, a PhD in this field requires a minimum of two consecutive semesters registered as a full-time student. It also requires the student to pass an examination, write a thesis, and pass the final oral examination or the dreaded defense.

PhD in Workforce Development Education

Recommend : Totally Textbooks

Wednesday, November 16, 2011

Best Online Marketing Courses in Canada

Best Online Marketing Courses in Canada

The success of Internet business lies in the effectiveness of online marketing. Several business professionals and general people are taking up to the Internet business programs in Canada. Therefore, the increasing popularity and demand of such businesses have introduced several online marketing courses in Canada. These courses are based on newest techniques and best of strategies that can help the clients attain success in their online businesses.

Textbooks

Several universities and learning centers in Canada are providing these programs with complete knowledge of the strategies and ethics associated in these businesses. Take a look at the best of courses provided by the renowned universities in Canada.

Textbooks

Troy University- Includes a center for distance learning where the online marketing course is offered. The course deals with the scopes and opportunities across online marketing, allover Canada. The course provides the proper ideas about the diverse technologies and tools that create good impact on the strategies of online marketing.

Bellevue University- The marketing course provided by this university in Canada highlights the culture, nature and distinctiveness of the internet in order to assist in superior understanding, development and execution of marketing tactics. In addition to that, the course also offers knowledge on the software and hardware tools so that the clients can efficiently conduct development of product, pricing, commerce and marketing online.

University of Calgary Continuing Education- Here, training on marketing is conducted in more formal fashion. In a classroom setting, the students learn about the basic and advanced skill related with Internet marketing.

All these programs have one common objective, which is to teach the best method of website promotion by using the latest tools and strategies. The concept of Internet marketing in Canada is not new, but its effectiveness and usability have increased immensely. Nowadays, numerous people and business houses are interested to learn the effective skills of online marketing so that they can easily attain success by driving the maximum possible traffic to their websites and transform that traffic into sales. If you are interested to enroll into an online marketing course in Canada, then conduct appropriate research and select the best source.

Best Online Marketing Courses in Canada

Visit : Totally Textbooks

Monday, November 14, 2011

Why Watson's Little Albert Became the Most Distorted Study in the History of Psychology

Why Watson's Little Albert Became the Most Distorted Study in the History of Psychology

Among all psychological studies, Little Albert study (article's URL is below), conducted by Dr. John B. Watson, APA (American Psychological Association) President, and Rosalie Rayner in 1920, is the most widely cited experiment in psychological textbooks. It is likely the most distorted and misrepresented psychological study as well, with numerous small and large mistakes found in general textbooks and more professional books written by prominent psychotherapists and leading psychology theorists. Dr. Ben Harris summarized some of these distortions in his article Whatever Happened to Little Albert? (B. Harris, 1979) published in the American Psychologist. He simply appealed to stick to facts as one may guess from the title.

Textbooks

The total number of published distortions can be measured by hundreds. What are their possible psychological causes? Why do most authors try to confuse their readers? Which real problems were and are still hidden in this study? Which conclusions do the psychologists try to avoid?

Textbooks

 While various details of the Little Albert experiment are scrupulously investigated, no study of authors' motivation was so far provided. What were the driving forces and reasons behind this monumental psychological experiment?

Scientists, as well as school pupils, are driven by their passion to find truth and solve certain problems. So called problem solving skills are among the key parameters of any person. Finding solutions to problems, after long search, is a cherished and exceptionally positive experience that serves as a driving force virtually for all truth-seekers. This observation also indicates that there is a certain element of pleasure (tension release?) in finding solutions. Then, when a certain fundamental problem is solved, the solution should bring relief not only to the authors but also for many other, related problems.

The original problem and its solution

Let us start the analysis with this simple question. What was the problem with little Albert at 9 to 11 months of age during the experiment? Before the study,

"He was on the whole stolid and unemotional...the infant was confronted suddenly and for the first time successively with a white rat, a rabbit, a dog, a monkey, with masks with and without hair, cotton wool, burning newspapers, etc... Manipulation was the most usual reaction called out. At no time did this infant ever show fear in any situation. These experimental records were confirmed by the casual observations of the mother and hospital attendants. No one had ever seen him in a state of fear and rage. The infant practically never cried" (Watson & Rayner, 1920).

This Albert's personal problem was brilliantly solved by the President of American Psychological Association and his assistant. How? Albert developed lasting fear in relation to the rat, the rabbit, the dog, and the sealskin coat; a "negative" response to the mask and Watson's hair; and a mild response to the cotton. This amazing accomplishment was achieved by producing a loud sound behind Albert's back by striking a suspended steel bar with a hammer when the baby touched the rat or, later, noticed it.

The previously "boring" life of little Albert, who was an explorer, investigator, inventor, challenger, and discoverer (whatever we was confronted with, suddenly and for the first time, animals, masks with and without hair, and even burning newspapers, "manipulation was the most usual reaction called out"), after several conditionings, was enriched by the following new and fascinating responses when dealing with some objects:

"- jumped violently and fell forward, burying his face in the mattress;

- fell to right side and rested upon hands, with head turned away from rat;

- puckered face, whimpered and withdrew body sharply to the left;

- fell over immediately to right side and began to whimper;

- began to cry;

- turned sharply to the left, fell over on left side, raised himself on all fours and began to crawl away so rapidly that he was caught with difficulty before reaching the edge of the table;

- whimpered immediately, withdrew right hand and turned head and trunk away;

- leaned over to the left side as far away from the rat as possible, then fell over, getting up on all fours and scurrying away as rapidly as possible..." (Watson & Rayner, 1920).

Although Watson and Rayner knew one month in advance that Albert would be taken from the hospital, no de-conditioning was planned or executed.

Which other Albert's problems were solved?

Dozens of psychology textbooks claim that in the Little Albert study the authors tried to answer 3 questions: (1) Can an infant be conditioned to fear an animal that appears simultaneously with a loud, fear­ arousing sound? (2) Would such fear transfer to other animals or to inanimate objects? (3) How long would such fears persist?(e.g.: B. Harris, 1979)

Furthermore, as textbooks on psychology and more professional psychology books claim and assume, there were no other effects. (If there were some, the textbooks would definitely describe them.)

Would such an infant be also conditioned to accompanied smells, sounds, colours, weather, buildings, room shapes, objects that attracted his attention, people met before and after, clothes he worn, foods he ate, etc.? Obviously, yes. In my view, there is no such thing as "The infant was conditioned to fear fury objects" and nothing else happened.

Moreover, even Albert's relationship with the mother should be affected. How to check that? Imagine a study with the following design.

Choose 200 solid unemotional infants, with no fear at all ("No one had ever seen them in a state of fear and rage, the infants practically never cried", as in the 1920 study). Divide these cool explorers on 2 groups. Send 100 of them to experience the same what Albert got. Then compare these experimental infants with the control group who were in the crap-free environment. Later measure their eye contact with their mothers, proximity, somatic changes (heart rate, blood pressure, galvanic skin response, etc.) before and after the experiments. What would be logical to expect?

If you are not convinced about the reality of the impact, think again about previously absolutely composed never-crying infants (discoverers and creators) who in the lab are to experience the following reactions for the first time in their lives:

"- the reaction was pronounced. Negative responses began at once. He leaned as far away from the animal as possible, whimpered, then burst into tears. When the rabbit was placed in contact with him he buried his face in the mattress, then got up on all fours and crawled away, crying as he went. This was a most convincing test.

- straightened up immediately, fell over to the opposite side and turned his head away. He then began to cry.

- withdrew immediately to the left side and began to fret. Coat put close to him on the left side, he turned immediately, began to cry and tried to crawl away on all fours.

- fell over to left side, got up on all fours and started to crawl away. On this occasion there was no crying, but strange to say, as he started away he began to gurgle and coo, even while leaning far over to the left side to avoid the rat.

- began to whimper, shaking head from side to side, holding hands as far away from the animal as possible.

- a violent negative reaction appeared. He began to whimper, turned to one side, fell over and started to get up on all fours.

- turned away but did not fall over. Cried. Hands moved as far away from the animal as possible. Whimpered as long as the dog was present" (Watson & Rayner, 1920).

Furthermore, measure and compare sleep and digestion parameters of 100 experimental and 100 control infants before and after the experiment. What would be logical to expect here?

When these infants grew up, one may continue measuring the somatic responses of experimental subjects by reading neutral words and words, which could associate with the study (names of the people involved, building, lab, street, university, city, state, etc.). Have anybody heard or seen people who run away from the city, state, or country they lived in for decades or years only because of some unresolved issue or past conflict?

Development of chronic conditions (diseases) can also be measured years later. Would Dr. Watson contribute in this area too?

Hence, there were many other Albert's problems which were successfully solved during this study. Indeed, it would be silly to expect that the new emotional reactions (crying, cooing, whimpering, sobbing, gurgling, running away, etc.) were exclusively confined to the walls of the laboratory, when seeing rats, rabbits, dogs, etc. and only on emotional level.

What was the likely real-life reason why the mother of Little Albert took him away from the "scientists" before the completion of the study?

What was the general outcome of the study?

What did Albert acquire, as a result of this experiment? If previously he could successfully deal with various stressful objects and animals, after the study this ability disappeared. Hence, the study affected his ability to cope with stress and this is the central parameter that defines, according to numerous dictionaries, psychological trauma. Therefore, little Albert got a psychological trauma.

How can the activities of the authors be defined?

Dr. Watson obviously had numerous choices which types of studies to conduct. He was not forced to scare the infant. He was driven, as any scientist, by the well known pleasure principle. Where did he find this pleasure?

Again, he took a cool and composed infant ("No one had ever seen him in a state of fear and rage") and generated the following reactions (these are again the phrases, different ones, from the original Watson and Rayner's study),

"Whimpered with arms held high, fell over backward and had to be caught.

Santa Claus mask. Withdrawal, gurgling, then slapped at it without touching. When his hand was forced to touch it, he whimpered and cried. His hand was forced to touch it two more times. He whimpered and cried on both tests. He finally cried at the mere visual stimulus of the mask.

Fur coat. Wrinkled his nose and withdrew both hands, drew back his whole body and began to whimper as the coat was put nearer. Again there was the strife between withdrawal and the tendency to manipulate. Reached tentatively with left hand but drew back before contact had been made. In moving his body to one side his hand accidentally touched the coat. He began to cry at once, nodding his head in a very peculiar manner (this reaction was an entirely new one).

The rat was then allowed to crawl against his chest. He first began to fret and then covered his eyes with both hands. (Watson & Rayner, 1920).

Dog. The dog was very active. Albert fixated it intensely for a few seconds, sitting very still. He began to cry"

We can infer from these reactions, that Dr. Watson, the leader of the study, derived pleasure by producing fear or inflicting cruelty on the previously fear-free infant. Many popular dictionaries say that sadism is pleasure derived from inflicting cruelty on another person. It is not important that Dr. Watson was the President of the APA. He could be super Honorable President of whatever organization; he could have support and encouragement of hundreds other Presidents; he could have ultra rewards and medals of many other organization and Universities. This study could be done in the name of science or for private entertainment of national security agents, or whatever else. None of these facts changes the nature of what was practically done and how it should be labelled.

Note that I do not claim that Dr. Watson was a pathological sadist. Four years later, with Dr. Watson's advice, Mary Cover Jones, his associate, desensitized a three-year-old boy who was scared of rabbits.  She paired the rabbit with a pleasurable activity and the child's fear gradually disappeared (Jones, 1924).

Should he be a pathological sadist, he would never be hired to work in the John Hopkins University and he would never be selected to be the President of the APA. His sadism was masqueraded as "scientific work" making it much worse: socially aggressive and insidious due to behavioural confidence, combined with ugliness, of the authors.

Authors' mindset and their vision of human potentials

By understanding Little Albert's world, we can better see the place and meaning of this experiment in the life of this infant. When Little Albert plaid at home, he had no fear, his main reaction to new objects, as it was noticed above, was to manipulate. He investigated and explored new objects and phenomena. When he went to day care, it was the same, he was a truth-seeker and discoverer, as Nature selected human beings. If he visited his aunt, again he was provided with conditions for his further investigations and studies. When he visited other places, it was again the same fear-free and reasonable exploration of the world. However, when he visited Dr. Watson's lab, day after day, there were bangs and clangs, his stress, crying, avoidance, neuroses, paranoia, etc. Obviously, the kid should love and get thrilled about these "scientists", their place, and everything that related to it.

As mentioned above, it is only in the overexcited minds of the scientists, where the silly idea "the infant was conditioned to fear fury animals" could exist. Probably, this idea produced a fantasy of their superiority and grandiosity. They could make a fearless Albert to afraid some objects! They imagined that they were like free artists who could take an infant and create some graffiti-type design in his clear and fear-free mind and, thus, modify his behaviour, while hiding in the background. However, the reality happened to be more complex and this testifies about limited abstract abilities and poor logic of Watson and Rayner, who could not grasp the world of less than 1 year old infant.

Most likely, Dr. Watson realized that he could add nothing new and positive to Little Albert's life and abilities to explore the world. (Obviously, Albert could and would easily go on with his life and world exploration without this "study".) Indeed, the psychologist could teach Albert some new and useful life skills. Instead, Dr. Watson decided to scare the infant by sudden noises, while hiding behind him. These observations testify about Dr. Watson's bravery and his vision of his own (limited?) potentials and abilities.

Final remarks

It is clear from the previous discussion that Dr. Watson and Rayner, together with modern psychology textbooks authors, failed to understand all ramifications of the experiment. They were simply in the state of confusion and could not get even a simple conditioning in its full flavour. The state of foolishness in modern psychology is even more obvious from the fact that in 1957 the American Psychological Association awarded Dr. John Watson the gold medal for his "contributions" to the field of psychology.

In his 1930's book Behaviorism, Dr. Watson made even a more grandiose and famous claim, "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select-doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors" (Watson, 1930).

Now we know why Dr. Watson was asking about "healthy infants" (or infants who were originally explorers, discoverer, and inventors) and which type of people will be produced by his method. We also know which conclusions psychology textbooks' authors have been trying to avoid, consciously or, more likely, subconsciously, for decades, by making distortions about this famous experiment.  

References

Harris, B., Whatever Happened to Little Albert? American Psychologist, 1979. 34, 2, pp. 151-160*.

Jones, C. M., A Laboratory Study of Fear: The Case of Peter. Pedagogical Seminary, 1924, 31, pp. 308-315*.

Watson, J. B., & Rayner, R., Conditioned emotional reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 1920, 3, 114-120*.

Watson, John B. Behaviorism. University of Chicago Press, 1930.

*Full texts of first three articles can be found and freely downloaded from the world wide web.

Why Watson's Little Albert Became the Most Distorted Study in the History of Psychology

Thanks To : Totally Textbooks

Saturday, November 12, 2011

Where To Sell Back Textbooks For The Most Money

Where To Sell Back Textbooks For The Most Money

The end of the college semester is rapidly approaching, and students have more to think about than just final exams. They have to think about where they will sell back their textbooks. There are a number of options available for college students when it comes to making money on their books. Here's a list of suggestions on how to get the most cash back for your textbooks.

Textbooks

1. The College Bookstore
The college bookstore is where most students sell back their textbooks. They wait in lines, have their books examined, and they are paid on the spot for their books. The college bookstore will only give good buyback prices on books that are being used during the next semester. If the book is not being used the next semester, then chances are they will not be buying it back, or they will offer a low buyback price. During exam week, complaints about textbook buyback prices at the college bookstore can be heard around campus.

Textbooks

2. Find Someone Who Will Take The Same Class
If you know of someone who is looking to take the same class you just completed, see if they will buy your textbook. Chances are they will be interested in purchasing your textbook for a fair price. You will get cash for your book, and your fellow student will save money.

3. Sell Textbooks Online
A recent trend in making money back on textbooks is to sell them back online to websites such as MyBookCart.com. Instead of waiting in a college bookstore line, students can get quotes for their textbooks right on their computer. It provides a good comparison tool between the college bookstore and the online buyback site. If the students are happy with their buyback quote, they can ship the textbooks back for free. Payment is made by check or PayPal.

4. Check The College Boards
Some colleges have online college boards where you can list textbooks you are looking to sell. One of your fellow students may see your ad and want to purchase your books. Since you both go to the same school, you don't have to ship the book. Just find a place to meet and make the transaction.

5. Craigslist
Trying listing your textbooks on Craigslist. Listings are by local area, so the interested party would probably drive to your campus to pick up the textbook they are interested in purchasing. Craigslist doesn't charge a fee to make a listing. You just have to field questions by e-mail about your books.

There are numerous ways for college students to resell their textbooks for money. The best option would be to try a few different methods and see which one gives the best buyback price for your textbooks.

Where To Sell Back Textbooks For The Most Money

Recommend : Totally Textbooks

Thursday, November 10, 2011

Advantages of Traditional Textbooks

Advantages of Traditional Textbooks

Online and electronic textbooks for college courses are becoming more common every year. While these do serve to satisfy some of the demands of 21st Century learners, it remains true that traditional paperbacks and hardbacks possess some strong advantages over e-texts. Students who are serious about learning as much as possible and achieving high grades would be wise to take these issues into account when making a text purchasing decision.

Textbooks

Compatibility

Textbooks

Electronic texts by their very nature raise compatibility issues. Users must be certain to purchase books in the correct format and version for their computer operating system and reader software. Even when great care is taken, Digital Rights Management (DRM) can interfere with a student's ability to use the text he or she has legitimately purchased. A commonly reported problem, for example, concerns software updates. A student whose e-text was working well yesterday may find that it is incompatible with an upgraded version of reader software. This is more than annoying and inconvenient. It can mean that a vital textbook is unavailable at key times during the semester. Instead of studying, the student will be on the phone to customer service. Students who purchase or rent traditional textbooks will not have these problems.

Personalization

Many students benefit by the ability to write in their textbooks, making notations in the margins, drawing arrows to connect related information, and jotting down things they do not yet fully understand. Because of the nature of paper and pencil, these notations will be permanent unless the user makes a deliberate effort to erase them.

This is not the case with electronic books. Some e-reader programs do not allow annotations at all. Others include some tools to provide these functions, but due to software failures, user-created marks may not be there the next time the program is opened. Even when no malfunctions occur, some students may find that electronic annotations are less satisfying than the pen-based kind. There is something inherently powerful about underlining a passage word by word while reading it. Clicking and dragging to make the mark does not have the same effect. Particularly for visual learners, paper-based textbooks are the more reasonable option.

Shared Study

Lastly, classmates can borrow a traditional textbook far more readily than your e-text. Lending a book means only handing it over. Lending an e-text means giving up a computer or e-reader for an extended time. Most students would be reluctant to do this, particularly if it also requires giving a classmate access passwords.

For all these reasons, book rental or purchase is preferable to the use of electronic texts.

Advantages of Traditional Textbooks

My Links : Totally Textbooks

Monday, November 7, 2011

Trademark International Class - Class 16 (Paper Goods and Printed Matter)

Trademark International Class - Class 16 (Paper Goods and Printed Matter)

All goods or services are categorized within International Classes (IC hereafter). Goods run from classes IC 1-34, while Services are in IC 35-45. Let's take a closer look at one of these trademark classes - class 16.

Textbooks

What is International Class 16 All About?

Textbooks

Each class has a short title heading that gives a snapshot of what that class is all about -- IC 16's short title is paper goods and printed matter. But, as with anything trademark, there's more to it than that.

Anything that's made of paper or is printed is in IC 16, which includes things like posters, journals, greeting cards, art prints, magazines, books, calendars and on and on.

What about Book Titles?

This is a caveat worth exploring a bit. Titles of a single creative work are not protected by trademark law; however, trademark registration may be possible if the title is used on a series of creative works. Let's delve into this a bit further.

Single creative works consist of materials where the content does not change, such as a book, a DVD, downloadable songs and a film. Single creative works do not include periodically issued publications, such as magazines, newsletters, brochures, comic books, comic strips or printed classroom materials, because the content of these works change with each issue.

When it comes to titles for a book series, the rationale is the same. While the title stays the same, the content changes. Take a look at the filing for Ring of Fates, part of The Final Fantasy catalog: "a series of books featuring fictional stories and/or fantasy stories."

What Else is in International Class 16?

The USPTO has 1515 accepted descriptions that fit into IC 16; check them out here.

Seems like with any of these trademark classes, there always seems to be the oddball item or two and IC 16 is no exception. Here are a few items living in IC 16 that seem to be a bit off kilter:

o cd shredders for home or office use
o globes
o cosmetic pencil sharpeners and removing paper
o money clips

Trademark International Class - Class 16 (Paper Goods and Printed Matter)

My Links : Totally Textbooks

Saturday, November 5, 2011

Save on College Textbooks

Save on College Textbooks

Last minute cookouts and three-day-weekends are signaling the end of summer, and many college students are making the dreaded trek back to campus. Moving in, meeting the roommates and deciphering one's new schedule are enough tasks to handle for any student. When expenses like college textbooks and meal plans are tacked on, the new school year is enough to make any student want to run back to mom and dad's.

Textbooks

However, cutting costs doesn't have to be too painful. Before you get images of semester long Ramen-noodle dinners in your head, there are ways to save your cash, such as utilizing college textbook services. The average college student spends around 0-,000 a year, according to a Student Financial Assistance Advisory Committee report. While this may be the norm for university-level textbooks, students and parents alike must deal with the financial aftermath.

Textbooks

College textbook services like eCampus provide free shipping if you spend around on their site, reports 6StarReviews.com. Besides offering virtual campus bookstores and massive clearance sections, this service allows students to resell their used textbooks to other students who may need a particular title. This not only saves the buyer some cash, it gives the seller a chance to redeem a few bucks on last semester's books.

When it feels like endless piles of bills are stacking up on your dorm room desk, the last thing on your mind is studying. Inevitable nights out on the town and living independently contribute to the estimated billion a year spent on entertainment by college enrollees. When textbook costs alone are added into this equation, the burden placed on any student can be heavy. Using a college textbook service will prove to be cost-efficient in the long run and will even save you from that long line down at the bookstore.

Save on College Textbooks

Visit : Totally Textbooks

Thursday, November 3, 2011

Medical Textbooks

Medical Textbooks

Medical textbooks can get expensive. There are a few ways you can save money on the next set of textbooks you have to buy. Here are some ways to get them cheaper than you might think.

Textbooks

Look For Used Medical Textbooks Online - Used textbooks will usually save you 25-75% off the full price of the book. Some books are difficult to find used. But, if you can find the book used somewhere, you will save money right off the bat.

Textbooks

Check With The Major Booksellers Online, But in The Used Section - Many people who shop for books online with the major booksellers, don't pay attention to the fact that they can buy the same book used, just by clicking on another area of the page where the booksellers offer the book used. The book will then be shipped from a separate bookseller, but you can usually complete your transaction with the major bookseller.

Sell Your Existing Books To Pay For It - Make sure you have sold all the books you already have to pay for the upcoming medical books you will need.

Check Online Auctions - Sometimes if you win an auction for a used textbook online, you can save yourself even more than if you were to buy the book at the going price for used books.

See If Anyone Wants to Trade - Post an ad on a popular classified ad site, offering your existing books up for trade for the books you need. You might be surprised to find that you get some takers.

Medical Textbooks

My Links : Totally Textbooks

Tuesday, November 1, 2011

Make Your Schedule Before Exams Start

Make Your Schedule Before Exams Start

Getting some tips for college exams can go a very long way in ensuring that you get the very best from your college experience. Take a look at all the different options as well as study materials that can go a very long way in giving you the best advice when it comes to studying.

Textbooks

-First of all, do not put off studying till the last moment. That is undoubtedly a recipe for disaster. If you cram everything in the last week before your exams then chances are that you will be struggling more than usual when it comes to your tests.

Textbooks

-Keep time for yourself to unwind after you have done all the relevant amount of work. You need to keep cool and calm. Of course, this does not mean that you will drink and party till the wee hours of dawn, just before the exam. So find out how you can unwind, feel good and also retain study material in your head at all times.

-Plan a specific study schedule before the exams. If you are a compulsive planner, then you probably know the benefits of organizing and knowing how this can be extremely useful, to say the very least. The proper process of planning can go a long way in helping you before exams.

These different factors all combine to ensure that you do well on your exams. When you have struggled a lot to get into a college of your choice, then you must sustain your efforts properly. This is extremely important because it helps in the overall process of ensuring that your efforts bear fruit. Giving an exam is an art in itself which you need to master. It requires you to plan, stay steady and be extremely focused when it comes to giving a proper exam. So make the best of your time in college with these tips and advice.

Make Your Schedule Before Exams Start

See Also : Totally Textbooks

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